脉冲编码器是一种光学式位置检测元件，编码盘直接装在电机的旋转轴上，以测出轴的旋转角度位置和速度变化，其输出信号为电脉冲。脉冲编码器是一种角位移传感器，它能够把机械转角变成电脉冲。脉冲编码器可分为光电式、接触式和电磁式三种，其中，光电式应用比较多。
NTAC-02
PLC控制器本身的硬件采用积木式结构，各厂家产品结构大同小异。以日本欧姆龙C200HE为例，为总线模板框式结构，基本框架(CPU母板)上装有CPU模板，其它槽位装有I/O模板;如果I/O模板多时，可由CPU母板经I/O扩展电缆连接I/O扩展母板，在其上装I/O模板;另一种方法是配备远程I/O从站等。这些都说明了PLC厂家将硬件各部件均向用户开发，便于用户选用，配置成规模不等的PLC，而且这种硬件配置的开放性，为制造商、分销商(代理商)、系统集成商、最终用户带来很多方便，为营销供应链带来很大便利，这是一大成功经验。
NTAC-02
PLC内的I/O模板，除一般的DI/DO、AD/DA模板外，还发展了一系列特殊功能的I/O模板，这为PLC用于各行各业打开了出路，如用于条形码识别的ASCII/BASIC模板，用于反馈控制的PID模板，用于运行控制、机械加工的高速计数模板、单轴位置控制模板、双轴位置控制模板、凸轮定位器模板、射频识别接口模板等，这在以后还会有很大发展。另外在输入、输出的相关元件、强干扰场合的输入、输出电隔离、地隔离等方面也会更加完善。PLC中的CPU与存储器配合，完成控制功能。它与DCS系统处理温度、压力、流量等参数的系统不同，采用快速的巡回扫描周期，一般为0.1~0.2s，更快的则选用50ms或更小的扫描周期。它是一个数字采样控制系统
NTAC-02
Pulse encoder is an optical position detection component, where the encoding disk is directly installed on the rotating shaft of the motor to measure the rotation angle, position, and speed changes of the shaft. Its output signal is an electrical pulse. Pulse encoder is an angular displacement sensor that can convert mechanical angles into electrical pulses. Pulse encoders can be divided into three types: photoelectric, contact, and electromagnetic, among which photoelectric is more commonly used.
NTAC-02
The hardware of the PLC controller itself adopts a building block structure, and the product structures of various manufacturers are similar. Taking the Japanese Omron C200HE as an example, it has a bus template frame structure. The basic framework (CPU motherboard) is equipped with CPU templates, while other slots are equipped with I/O templates; If there are many I/O templates, the CPU motherboard can be connected to the I/O expansion motherboard through an I/O expansion cable, and I/O templates can be installed on it; Another method is to equip remote I/O slave stations, etc. These all indicate that PLC manufacturers develop hardware components for users to choose from, and configure them into PLCs of varying scales. Moreover, the openness of this hardware configuration brings a lot of convenience to manufacturers, distributors (agents), system integrators, and end users, and greatly facilitates the sales supply chain. This is a great success experience.
NTAC-02
In addition to general DI/DO, AD/DA templates, I/O templates within PLC have also developed a series of special functional I/O templates, which have opened up a way for PLC to be used in various industries, such as ASCII/BASIC templates for barcode recognition, PID templates for feedback control, high-speed counting templates for operation control and mechanical processing, single axis position control templates, dual axis position control templates, cam locator templates, radio frequency identification interface templates, etc, This will have great development in the future. In addition, related components for input and output, as well as input and output electrical isolation and ground isolation in strong interference situations, will also be improved. The CPU and memory in the PLC cooperate to complete control functions. It is different from the DCS system that processes parameters such as temperature, pressure, and flow rate. It adopts a fast scanning cycle, generally ranging from 0.1 to 0.2 seconds, while faster ones use a scanning cycle of 50ms or less. It is a digital sampling control system
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